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- Newsgroups: alt.drugs,talk.politics.drugs
- Subject: Re: Definition of an addict.
- From: carnes@sparky.eecs.umich.edu (Richard Carnes)
- Date: Wed, 26 Aug 1992 19:16:50 GMT
-
- mazur@inmet.camb.inmet.com (Beth Mazur) writes:
-
- >There's a book called "The Truth About Addiction and Recovery" and
- >its author's (whose name escapes me) premise is that most people
- >simply outgrow their addictions.
-
- There is plenty of evidence in the research literature that many,
- perhaps most people with addictions outgrow their problem without
- treatment (it's called "maturing out", originally a street term). For
- example:
-
- Barry Tuchfeld calls untreated but recovered alcoholics the "silent
- majority" in "Spontaneous remission in alcoholics," _Journal of
- Studies on Alcohol_ 42 (1981): 626-41. Problem drinkers who recover
- without treatment are less visible to the public than those who
- recover through AA and other programs.
-
- George Vaillant's study _The Natural History of Alcoholism_ found that
- very few of the subjects who had overcome a drinking problem had
- sought formal treatment. Vaillant also found that the relapse rate
- was *worse* for those who relied on AA than for those who quit on
- their own.
-
- D. Cahalan and R. Room, _Problem Drinking Among American Men_ (Rutgers
- Center of Alcohol Studies, 1974). The authors conducted national
- surveys and found that the great majority of problem drinkers outgrow
- their addiction.
-
- C. Winick, "Maturing out of narcotic addiction", _Social Problems_ 14
- (1962): 1-7. This study found that most young heroin addicts in New
- York outgrew their addiction by their mid-thirties.
-
- L.R.H. Drew, "Alcoholism as a self-limiting disease," _Quarterly
- Journal of Studies on Alcohol_ 29 (1968): 956-67.
-
- There is also evidence from common experience. Smoking is often
- considered the hardest addiction to quit. Compare the number of
- people you know who have kicked cigarettes on their own with the
- number you know who have quit by means of a treatment program.
-
- Of course there are people who will benefit from an treatment program.
- But note how different the research cited above sounds from the
- familiar propaganda telling us that everyone with an addiction problem
- needs to be in lifelong treatment in order to "arrest" the incurable
- "disease".
-
- The research suggests that what enables people to overcome addictions
- is more or less what your common sense would suggest: "a strong desire
- to change; learning to accept and cope with negative feelings and
- experiences; development of enough life resources to facilitate
- change; improved work, personal and family dealings; a changed view of
- the attractiveness of the addiction brought on by a combination of
- maturity, feedback from others, and negative associations with the
- addiction in terms of the person's larger values" (Stanton Peele).
-
- Richard Carnes
-